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STEP Support Programme

Assignment 1 STEP Question help

I have done question 3 part i and i am happy with my answer. Not sure how to tackle part ii though. Any hints please? Thanks in advance.

Start in the same sort of way as you (probably) did part (i) - i.e. multipliy throughout by (x-a)(x-b) to remove the fractions. There are quite a few brackets to expand but you should end up with a quadratic in c. Then, as there is exactly one real solution, we have "$B^2 - 4AC=0$" (Note the use of capital letters). More expansion and simplification should lead to the required $c^2 = ...$.

Try this bit first, then ask if you need help on the next bit.

When you remove the fraction and end up with a quadratic in C, does that mean everything has a a C in it and if so would the substitution into "B^2-4AC" be enormous with loads of brackets to expand? That is what I did and I got a ridiculous sum of a mixture of As Bs and Cs.

I also got to a point where i subbed in for B^2 - 4AC and then wasn't really sure where to go from there. Not sure whether to sub in for C^2 as what it gives in the question or do something else. I got to a dead end where i got an answer C=1, which doesn't seems right.

Be very careful not to confuse c and C!

With your quadratic equation in $x$ then coefficient of $x^2$ should be something like $(1-c)$. With "$B^2-4AC$" you should end up with something which has $c^2$ in it, but no $c$ term.

I'm a little confused on the last bit, any advice? not really sure where to start

HINT: You have $c^2 = 1 - something^2$,

HINT: $c^2$ must be greater than or equal to zero (as $c$ is real, and something real squared cannot be negative), but we know that $c^2=-\dfrac{4ab} {(a-b)^2}$,

Ask again if you need more!

I know that this means that a and b have different signs, unlike in the last part, but I couldn't see how that helps, since we get a different equation altogether- we don't have anything like x^2=bc.

Since $c^2=1-something^2$ we know that $c^2 \le 1$.

Since $c$ is real, we must have $c^2 \ge 0$. Also, we are told in "the stem" that $a$ and $b$ are "Non-zero, real numbers" which means that we have $4ab \neq 0$! Hence $c^2 > 0$ as it cannot be equal to 0.

How do you do the last part of question 3 ii?

Have you read the above comments on this thread? Try working through some of the hints above and then ask again if it still isn't coming out.

Useful Links

Underground Mathematics: Selected worked STEP questions

STEP Question database

University of Cambridge Mathematics Faculty: What do we look for?

University of Cambridge Mathematics Faculty: Information about STEP

University of Cambridge Admissions Office: Undergraduate course information for Mathematics

Stephen Siklos' "Advanced Problems in Mathematics" book (external link)

MEI: Worked solutions to STEP questions (external link)

OCR: Exam board information about STEP (external link)

AMSP (Advanced Maths Support programme): Support for University Admission Tests (external link)